Common Network Components

The following table lists some of the common hardware and software components

in any computer network.

Component	Definition
Server	Any computer that makes resources available to other computers on the network. Server computers run network server software.
Client	Any computer that uses the resources of a server. Client computers run network client software.
Media	The physical means of communication between network computers. In the figure, the network medium is a specialized cable. Other media include infrared transmission, radio signals, and telecommunications lines.
Resources	The data, applications, and hardware provided by network servers for use by network clients. In the figure, the printer is a shared resource.
Network adapter	A special adapter card that enables two computers to send data out over the network media. Sometimes a modem can function as a network adapter, if you’re using phone media to connect your network.
Network protocol	A specialized electronic language that enables network computers to communicate.
Network topology	The physical layout of a network. This often includes specifications for the types of media, adapters, and protocols the network can use.